Tarihin Masarautar Katsina

Me ka ke nema?


Shafin Farko

Masarautar Katsina


Gabatarwa

Katsina, babbar masarauta ce, kuma mai daɗaɗɗen tarihi. Tana ɗaya daga cikin asalin garuruwan ƙasar Hausa. Kafin zamowarta wannan babban birni da a yau ya zama helikwatar Jahar Katsina sannan kuma fadar masarautar Katsina, ta taɓa zama a wani gari da yake da tazarar kimanin kilomita 32 daga Katsinan yau. Sunan wannan gari shi ne ‘Durɓi ta Kusheyi’. Wannan gari shi ne asalin fadar mulkin daular Katsina.

Wannan masarauta cike take da ababen tarihi, a cikin wancan garin na Durɓi, akwai wannan kuka tana nan, akwai wani Dutse da su mutanen Durɓi suka taɓa bautawa, sannan akwai wata Hasumiya da ta haura shekaru ɗari shida mai suna Gobarau a garin na Katsina. Kuma dai wannan gari shi ne matsugunnin tsohuwar makarantar da ta yaye firimiyan Najeriya da kuma na Arewa ta farko. Wannan rubutu da ake karantawa zai bamu ƙarin haske game da wannan gari na Katsina.

Asalin Kafuwar Garin Katsina

Babu wata tsayayyiyar magana dangane da shekara, ko kuma haƙiƙanin mutumin da ya kafa wannan tsohon birni, mai tsohon tarihi na Katsina. Amma akwai hujjoji birjik (Ingawa, 2006; Lugga, 2004; Mamman, 2015), da ke tabbatar da tasowar fadar masarautar ta Katsina daga wani tsohon ƙauye mai suna Durɓi ta Kusheyi.

Katsina kamar sauran manyan masarautun ƙasar Hausa, gidan sarautarta yana da dangantaka da gidan Bayajidda.

Farko wannan fada ta Katsina ta faro ne daga garin Durɓi ta Kusheyi, wanda a nan sarkin Katsina na farko, sarki Kumayau jikan Bayajidda ya zauna da shi da jama’arsa. Bayan ya yi mulkinsa ya gama kuma sai sarki Runba-Runba, daga shi kuma sai sarki Bataretare, sannan sai sarki Yankatsari, sai kuma sarki Jibda Yaƙi (sanau), sai Kuma sarki Muhammadu Korau wanda shi ne ya fara bunƙasa garin na Katsina.

Kamar yadda na faɗa da farko, babu wata kafa da ta bayyana a wacce shekara ce ko kuma wanene asalin mutumin da ya kafa wannan gari. Amma abin da muka tabbatar a binciken da muka gudanar shi ne cewa, ya kamata ya zama akwai mutane kamar yadda aka saba a al’adance da suke raye a wannan yanki a ƙauyuka tun kafin zuwan sarkin da ya baro Durɓi ya dawo Katsina.

Asalin Sunan Katsina

Wannan suna na Katsina akwai mashahuran ra’ayuyyuka maban-banta dangane da shi. Na farko, a bisa ruyawar kunne ya girmi kaka, an samu cewa, a ɗaya daga cikin sarakunan garin ‘Durɓi ta Kusheyi’, akwai wanda yake da mata mai suna ‘Katsi’, a lokacin da aka yi wannan ƙaura daga Durɓi aka dawo zuwa wannan gari da ake kira Katsina ta yau, sai ya biyo mutane yana tambayar cewa, ‘Katsi na nan? Katsi na nan?’, saboda haka sai aka rage yawan sunnan koma Katsina.

Amma a ra’ayin Ingawa (2006), ya kawo cewa wannan suna na Katsina ya samo asali ne daga sunan wani daga cikin ‘ya’yan sarautar Durɓi. Bayan tasowar sarki Korau da jama’arsa, sai aka yiwa wannan gari da wannan suna na Katsina. Ya kuma kafa hujjarsa da cewa kasantuwar akwai waccar kuka mai suna ‘Katsi’ da take a garin ‘Durɓi ta Kusheyi’ itama tana iya zamowa cewa shi wannan mutum mai suna ‘Katsi’ shi ya shuka ta.

Sannan kuma a akwai wata ruyawa ita ma ta ‘Kunne ya girmi kaka’ da ke cewa asalin wannan suna ya samo ne daga sunan wani bawan shi sarki Korau da yake tura shi yana wakiltarsa a wajen ginin ganuwar garin Katsina.

Manazarta:


Ingawa T.L. (2006). Katsina a History of an Ancient City. Hamdala Prinitng and Publishing.

Lugga S.A. (2004). Katsina College. Lugga Press, Katsiana.

Mamman M. (2015). Tarihin Unguwannin Birnin Kastina. Ahmadu Bello Univeristy Press Ltd, Samaru, Zaria-Nigeria.


Sauran Shafukanmu:

Rumbun Ilimi   Maidarasu    Balangada    Tashar Yutub