Sarkin Zazzau Abdullahi

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Shafin Farko

Malam Abdullahi ɗan Hammada 1857 – 1871 A.D.

Gabatarwa

Rasuwar Malam Abdussalami ta haifar da yawaitar jama’ar da suka cancanci ɗarewa wannan kujera ta Sarautar Zazzau a karo na sittin da takwas. Saboda haka masu zaɓen sarkin sun jigata kafin su tantance wanda zai gaji malam Abdussalami. Amma takarar tafi ƙamari tsakanin Malam Abdullahi ɗan Hammada da Wamban Zazzau Malam Abubakar ɗan Malam Musa.

Cikin ƙaddarawa ta Ubangiji, masu zaɓen sarki suka tura sunan Malam Abdullahi ɗan Hammada zuwa ga sarkin Musulmi Aliyu Babba, shi kuma ya amince da naɗinsa a matsayin sarkin Zazzau na sittin da takwas sannan kuma sarki na takwas a cikin jerin sarakuna Fulani a Zazzau, haka nan kuma sarki na uku a cikin jerin Barebari.

Smith (1970), ya kawo cewa Sarkin Musulmi ya turo wazirinsa zuwa garin Zariya shi kuma ya naɗa Malam Abdullahi a matsayin sarkin Zariya. Sannan kuma ya ci gaba da cewa, an bai wa Malam Abdullahi umarnin cewa ya naɗa abokin takararsa daga zuriyar Mallawa, wato malam Abubakar a matsayin Galadiman Zazzau, haka kuma aka yi bai musa ba. Sai dai, ya ragewa sarautar ƙarfi ta hanyar ƙirƙirar wasu muƙaman da ya yi da kuma ɗaukaka zuriyarsu ta Barnawa da magoya bayansu.

Daga cikin irin waɗannan abubuwa da ya yi akwai ɗaukaka darajar ɗan’uwansa Ibiru daga matsayin ɗangaladiman Zazzau zuwa muƙamin Madaki. Ibiru bai jima a wannan ofishi ba Allah ya yi masa rasuwa. Bayan rasuwarsa kuma sai ya naɗa ɗansa Yero a wannan muƙami na Madakin Zazzau, ɗaya ɗan nasa kuma mai suna Hussain, shi kuma aka yi masa ɗangaladiman Zazzau. Haka dai ya yi yi waɗannan sauye-sauye da naɗe-naɗe.

A ta ɓangaren gidan Katsinawa kuwa, Sarkin Zazzau Malam Abdullahi ɗan Hammada, ya naɗa abokin takararsa Aliyu a matsayin Iyan Zazzau.

Sakamokon cika masarautar da ya yi da ‘yan’uwansa da magoya bayansa, sai ya samu sauƙin matsalolin gudanar da mulki a cikin gida, sannan kuma ya kafa turakun da tunɓuke su zai yi wahala, wannan ta bashi dama wajen fita yaƙuƙuwa dan faɗaɗa masarautarsa.

Sarkin Zazzau Malam Abdullahi ɗan Hammadan, ya samu nasarar ƙarfafa dangantakar da ke tsakanin masarautarsa da wasu ƙananan masarautun da suke a ƙarƙashinsa waɗanda suka ci gaba da bashi jiziya, daga cikin irin waɗannan garuruwa akwai Keffi, da Lere daga yammacin Zariya. Sai kuma Kaje, Chawai, Katab, da kuma Gwari daga kudancin Zariya.

Wannan ƙarfi da sarkin Zazzau Malam Abdullahi ya samu, ta saka shi ya waiwaici ƙin biyan jiziyar da Keffi ta yi masa daga baya, sarkin Keffi Malam Yamusa, ya nemi sarkin Musulmi da ya tsawatarwa da sarki Abdullahi cewa kar ya yaƙe shi, amma sai sarkin Zazzau Malam Abdullahi ya bawa Sakkwato amsa da cewa ai ƙasar Zariya ba ƙasar Sakkwato ba ce, irin waɗannan taƙaddamomi su suka kai ga tsige Malam Abdullahi da Sakkwato ta yi ba bisa sharaɗi ba. Wannan shi ne ƙarshen mulkin Malam Abdullahi ɗan Hammadan.

Hawa na biyu 1874 - 1879 A.D.

Bayan rasuwar sarkin Musulmi Aliyu Babba, sai sarkin Zazzau Malam Abubakar ɗan Malam Musa ya rasu. Wannan rasuwa ta sarkin Zazzau malam Abubakar, ita ta bawa sabon sarkin Musulmi dama ya sake waiwaitar Malam Abdullahi ɗan Hammadan aka yi masa sarkin Zazzau a karo na biyu.

Wannan naɗi, ya zo wa masu zaɓen sarkin Zazzau cikin rashin tsammani, saboda sarkin Musulmi shi ya yi gaban kansa ya naɗa sarki Abdullahi kai tsaye tun daga Sakkwato.

Sabon Madakin da tsohon sarki Malam Abdullahi ya naɗa mai suna Ali, sai ya haɗa tawaga mai ƙarfi ya fice daga Zariya ya je ya kafa tunga a garin Ifira da ke kusa da Rigachukum. Wannan gari na Ifira da ma matattara ce ta bayi. Da Madaki Aliyu ya haɗa ƙarfi a wannan gari, sai ya ɗaga tutar tawaye. Shi kuma sabon Sarki Malam Abdullahi ta nasa ɓangaren sai ya aika ɗan saƙo zuwa ga Madaki Aliyu da cewa lallai-lallai ya dawo Zariya. Wannan ɗan aiken sarki wanda ake kira Maigoto, sai suka kashe shi. Faruwar wannan lamari ta saka sarkin Zazzau malam Abdullahi tura runduna dan yaƙar mutanen Ifira, wanda kuma hakan ta ci tura.

Da sarki Abdullahi ya ga lamari ya rincaɓe, sai ya nemi Sakkwato da shigo ta sasanta, daga nan kuma sai sarkin Musulmi ya buƙaci Kano da ta shiga tsakanin. Ganin irin dangantar yaƙin da ke tsakanin Kano da Zariya, sai sarkin Kano ya tura Madakinsa da nufin ya je Ifira ya tambayi takwaransa Madakin Zazzau Ali, dalilin tawayensa. Shi kuma Madaki Ali bai ɓoye komai ba ya ce ya za a yi sarkin Musulmi ya yi musu haka, sai ya kafa hujja da cewa ai ko Shehu Usmanu ɗanfodiyo sai da ya nemi amincewar mutanen Zazzau kafin ya bawa Malam Musa tuta.

Saboda haka Madakin Kano ya rarrashi Madakin Zazzau Ali, ya tafi Sakkwato ya kai ƙara. Bayan an saurari dukkan koken Madaki Ali, sai Sakkwato ta alƙawarta masa cewa shi ne wanda zai gaji Malam Abdullahi. Wato kenan shi zai zama sarki nag aba. Wannan ta saka yadawo ya zauna a Zariya.

Faruwar waɗannan al’amura sun jefa sarkin Zazzau Malam Abdullahi cikin ruɗani. Amma sannu-a-hankali da kuma ƙwarewar da yake da ita a baya, ya sake sabunta tsarin masarautar da kuma sake rarraba muƙamai.

Kasantuwar shekarunsa sun tafi, sannan kuma ya da lafiya gobe babu, Malam Abdullahi bai sake samun damar fita yaƙi dan faɗaɗa ƙasa da kuma ƙarfafa dangataka tsakanin Zazzau da maƙwabtanta ba. Sannan kuma a ta ɗaya ɓangaren ya daina zuwa taron shekara-shekara da ake yin a sarakuna a Sakkwato. Wannan ta tabbatar da taɓarɓarewar dangatakarsa da Sakkwato. A saboda haka bayan rasuwar Sarkin Musulmi a shekarar 1881, kamar yadda ya zo a (Smith, 1970), sai sabon sarki Musulmi ya sake tsige shi a karo na biyu.

Da aka tsige kuma sai sarkin Musulmi a aiko da takardar naɗin ga tsohon Madaki Ali, amma a dalilin tsufa da kuma matsananciyar rashin lafiyar da yake ganin ba ta tashi ba ce, sai Ali ya yi godiya sannan kuma ya ƙi amincewa da naɗinsa a matsayin sarki.

Faruwar wannan lamari ta bawa Sakkwato cikakkiyar damar miƙa lamarin sake zaɓen sabon sarki ga waɗanda abun yake hannunsu, wato masu naɗin sarkin Zariya da suka haɗa da, manyan Limaman Zariya guda biyu, Galadima, da kuma alƙalin alƙalai.

Manazarta:

Ɗalhatu U. (2002). Malam Ja'afaru ɗan Isiyaku, The Great Emir of Zazzau. Ahmadu Bello Uniɓersity Press. Zaria – Nigeria

Northern Nigeria Ministry of Information (1965). The Fascinating Provinces of Northern Nigeria. Gaskiya Corporation, Zaria-Nigeria.

Smith M.G. (1970). Government in Zazzau 1800-1950. London: Oxford University Press for the International African Institute. 371p. (Amaury Talbot Book Prize). Reprinted in 1964 and 1970.

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