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Shafin Farko

Ɗakin Karatu na Congress (Library of Congress)


Ɗakin karatu na “Congress” shi ne ɗakin karatu mafi girma a duniya (Cole, 2009). Wannan katafaren ɗakin karatu shi ne ɗakin karatu mafi yawan kayan karatu da ya tattara dukkan fannonin ilimi.


An ciro wannan hoto daga shafin: http://www.theroot.com

Ɗakin karatu ne da aka yi masa sassa daban-daban dan nazari


Jama'a suna karatu a cikin ɗakin karatu Hoto: https://jasonstravelsdotcom.files.wordpress.com


Sashen bincike na Asiya. Hoto: https://liachang.files.wordpress.com


Ɗakin Karatun Kimiyya (Science Reading Room. Hoto: http://www.loc.gov


Ɗimbin Littattafai a kan kanta. Hoto: https://en.wikipedia.org

 

Ƙari akan aikinsa na zama cibiyar bincike, nazari da karatu, har wayau shi ne yake a matsayin cibiyar da ke kula da haƙƙin mallaka "Copyright" na Tarayyar Jahohi ko kuma a ce ƙasar Amurka "United States" kai tsaye.

An kafa wannan katafaren ɗakin karatu a shekarar 1800. 'Congerss Act' ta 1800 ita ta kafa shi a lokacin da shugaban ƙasar Amurka John Adams ya sakawa ƙudurin dokar canjin sheƙar fadar gwamnatin Amurka daga Philadelphia zuwa Washington (Cole, 2009; Library of Congress, 2016).

Asalin ginin ɗakin karatun an yi shi a Capitol, kafin watan Agusta na shekarar 1814 (August, 1814) sojojin kutse na ƙasar Ingila su suka je suka ruguza gininsa sannan kuma suka ƙone kayayyakin da ke cikinsa. Cikin wata guda da faruwar wannan al'amari, tsohon shugaban ƙasar Amurka Thomas Jefferson ya sadaukar da nasa ɗakin karatun dan maye gurbin wannan da aka rasa. Wannan tsohon shugaba na Amurka, Thomas Jefferson, ya ɗauki tsawon shekaru hamsin yana tattara littattafai da sauran kayan karatu a wannan ɗakin karatu nasa (Library of Congress, 2016).

Bayan muhawarori da aka tattafka a zauren majalisar Congress, an cimma matsaya kan gina wani sabon ɗakin karatun a cikin shekarar 1886, a kan gwadaben zanen taswirar gidaje (architecture) na mashahuran masu zana taswirar gidaje na Washinton John L. Smithmeyer da Paul J. Pelz. Wannan ya biyo bayan ƙuncin gurin adana kayayyaki da aka samu sakamakon wata dabara da tsohon babban mai kula da ɗakin karatun (librarian) Ainsworth Rand Spofford (1864 to 1897), ya fito da ita ta karɓar kwafin aikin mawallafa da nufin basu lambar haƙƙin mallaka. Wannan ta haifar da tururuwar aika dandazon ayyukan da suka haɗa da littattafai, kaset-kaset, da sauransu.

Bayan shekaru biyu, wato a shekarar 1888 kenan, aka naɗa Janar (General) Thomas Lincoln Casey, Shugaban injiniyoyin rundunar sojojin ƙasa (Army Corps of Engineers), a matsayin babban mai kula da wannan aiki. Bernard R. Green, kuma a matsayin mataimakinsa a wannan aikin. Janar Thomas Lincoln ya rasu a shekarar 1914. Edward Pearce Casey, wanda ɗa ne ga Janar Thomas shi ya ci gaba da kula da wannan aiki har aka kammala shi. An kammala wannan gini, sannan aka buɗe shi a ranar 1 ga watan Nuwamba na shekarar 1897.

Manazarta:


Cole, J. Y. (2009). Library of Congress. Microsoft® Student 2009 [DVD]. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation, 2008.

Library of Congress. (2016). History of the Library. An ciro daga: https://www. loc.gov/about/history-of-the-library/


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