Hanta

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Hanta



Hantar Jikin Ɗan'adam

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Hanta sashe ce daga cikin sassan jikin dabbobi masu shayarwa (Dabbobin da suke haihuwa sannan kuma su shayar da ‘ya’yansu nono), tsuntsaye da kuma kifaye.

Kuma dai hanta abinci ce mai ɗauke da muhimman sinadaran abinci masu tarin yawa waɗanda kuma suke matuƙar taimaka wa jiki ya zama cikin ƙoshin lafiya, ƙarfi da kuma kuzari.

A wannan rubutu tsokaci kawai za a yi game da wannan sashe na jiki mai matuƙar muhimmanci ta hanyar furta wasu ‘yan kalmomi a kan abin da ya shafi ayyukanta a jiki, cututtukanta, abubuwan da ke sabauta kamuwa da cutar, alolimin cututtukan nata da kuma hanyoyin kariya daga kamuwa da su. Sai kuma magana a game da hanta a matsayin abinci inda za a yi tsinkaye game da sinadaran da take ɗauke da su da kuma irin alfanunsu a jikin ɗan’adam.

Hanta a Matsayin Sashen Jiki

Hanta ɗaya ce daga cikin sassan jikin halittu da dama da suka haɗa da dabbobi masu shayarwa; waɗanda ake kira mammals a Turance, tsuntsaye, kifaye da kuma mutane; wacce wannan rubutun yake magana a kanta.

Hanta ita ce mafi girma da kuma aiki a cikin dukkan sassan jikin ɗan’adam. Ana samunta a cikin cikin mutum daga saman ɓarin dama na mutum, lulluɓaɓɓiya da ƙashin haƙarƙari abar yi wa marufi da tantani.

Ayyukan Hanta

Hanta a matsayin sashen jikin ɗan’adam tana ayyuka da dama. Daga ciki akwai:

  1. Tace Jini: Alhakin tace jinin da yake gudana a jikin ɗan’adam ya rataya a kan hanta. Ita ke tace shi ta fitar da datti ko gurɓataccen sinadari maras amfani; wanda zai iya zama cuta a cikin jiki ta mayar da shi ruwa a fitsarar da shi.
  2. Sarrafa Abinci: Hanta ce ke sarrafa dagargajajjen abinci.
  3. Adana sinadaran gulukos, ayon, bitamin da sauransu.
  4. Tace datti da kuma ƙwaya (Drugs).
  5. Samar da sinadarin furotin: Hanta ce ke samar da sinadarin furotin da ke cikin na’ukan abincin da mutum yake ci.
  6. Samar da jan sinadarin jini (Red blood cells).
  7.  Daidaita sinadarin sukari a cikin jini.

Saboda haka a dunƙule, hanta tana sarrafa sinadaran abinci sama dubu goma sha uku (13,000) tare da agajin wasu sassan jikin. Haka nan kuma tana tattalin ƙwayoyin halittar jikin ɗan’adam sama da dubu biyu (2000) suma tare da agajin wasu sassan jikin.

Cuttutukan Hanta

Binciken kimiyya ya tabbatar da samuwar na’ukan cututtukan hanta da dama. Mafi hatsari ko haɗari daga cikinsu ita ce kansar hanta, wacce ta karkasu zuwa na’uka da dama.

Wannan cuta ta kansar hanta tana canja yanayin ƙwayoyin halitta sannan ta girmama su zuwa girman da za su fi ƙarfin sarrafuwa.

Gidauniyar Hepatitis B (Hepatitis B nau’in kansar hanta ce) wacce take a ƙasar Amurka ta fitar da bayanan cewa: “A ƙasashen Asiya da Afirka, kansar hanta ce nau’in kansa mafi yawa. Sannan kuma ita ta fi zama gama-garin kansa a waɗannan sashina na duniya fiye da Amurka. A dukkan faɗin duniya kuma ita ce kansa ta biyu a wajen raba mutane da rayukansu sannan kuma mafi ɗaukar ran mazaje a ƙasar Sin”.

Gidauniyar ta cigaba da faɗin cewa ta ji ƙungiyar lafiya ta duniya (WHO) tana cewa kansar hanta tana kashe mutane sama dubu ɗari bakwai da tamanin da takwas (788,000) a duk shekara a cikin rahotanta na 2016.

Sai dai kuma ita da kanta Ƙungiyar Lafiyar ta Duniya wato World Health Organization a Turance sannan kuma abar taƙaitawa da WHO, da kantsa ta furta cewa cutar kansa mai nau’in Viral Hepatitis tana kashe sama da mutane miliyan ɗaya da dubu ɗari uku da arba’in a kowace shekara a cikin rahotanta na watan Nuwambar 2018.

Abubuwan da ke Saurin Samar da Cutar Hanta

  1. Ɗirkar basara.
  2. Shigar ƙwayoyin cutar bairos (Virus infection).
  3. Shan Ƙwayoyi (Drugs).

Alamomin Cutar Kansar Hanta

Kaɗan daga ciki su ne:

  1. Saurin gajiya.
  2. Rashin kuzari.
  3. Tashin zuciya ko amai.
  4. Rashin ɗanɗano a baki.
  5. Zazzaɓi.
  6. Kumburin ciki (Ciki ya kumbura ya yi kwatsatsa).
  7. Saurin ƙoshi (Da zarar an ci abinci kaɗan sai a ji an ƙoshi).
  8. Koɗewar launin fatar jiki  da idanuwa zuwa ruwan-ɗorawa.
  9. Canjawar launin tafin hannu zuwa jaja-jaja.
  10. Kumburin ɓarin dama na ƙirji.
  11.  Ciwon jiki ko kafaɗar dama.
  12.  Ƙagewar yatsun hannu su tanƙware ko kuma wani sashensu ya yi siriri wani sashen kuma ya yi kauri.

Gargaɗi: Ana tabbatar da kamuwa da cutar hanta ta hanyar gwaje-gwajen kimiyya a asibiti.

Kariya Daga Cutar Hanta

Cin abinci mai ɗauke da sinadaran da suke wanke hanta yana kare ta daga kamuwa da cuttuka. Sannan kuma jiki da ita kanta hantar suna kare ta daga cututtukan wasu lokutan ma takan yaƙi cutar da kanta ta hanyar garkuwar da take samarwa. Ga jerin nau’ukan abincin da za a ci domin tallafawa hanta ta zauna lafiya:

  1. Rukunin ganyayyaki koreye masu duhu da kuma na’ukan lemuka masu launin ruwan-ɗorawa, ruwan-hoda, jajayen ‘ya’yan itatuwa da sauransu. A wannan rukuni za a samu alayyaho, ugu, shuwaka, lemon zaƙi, mangwaro, da sauransu.
  2. Abinciccika masu ɗaci-ɗaci kamar irin su lemon taba-taba, latas, da sauransu suma suna taimakawa wajen wanke hanta.
  3. Ciyayi irin su tafarnuwa, albasa da dangoginsu suma suna bayar da gudunmawa wajen zaman hanta lafiya.
  4. Shan lemon tsami a cikin ruwan ɗumi yana taimakawa wajen wanke hanta.

Hanta a Matsayin Abinci

Idan muka waiwaici hanta a matsayin abinci za mu same ta kyakkyawa kuma nagartacciya wajen samar da muhimman sinadaran abinci da dukkan jiki ke buƙata.


Hantar Dabbobi

Sinadaran Abinci

Akwai muhimman sinadaran abinci a cikin hanta. Daga ciki akwai: Sinadarin Bitamin A, Bitamin B; B1, B2, B3, B6 da B9. Sai kuma sinadaran Furotin, kwafa (Copper), ayon (Iron), zin (Zinc) folik asid (Folic Acid) da sauransu.

Amfani da Jiki Yake Samu

Hanta a matsayin abinci tana wadata jiki da abubuwa da dama. Daga ciki akwai:

  1. Tana adana sinadarin Bitamin, sukari, da ayon waɗanda ke taimawa jiki ya samu ƙarfi da kuzari.
  2. Tana samar da sinadarin da yake tsayar da jini daga zuba idan aka samu rauni.
  3. Tana sarrafa samuwar da kuma fitar da sandararren sinadarin jini (Cholesterol).
  4. Tana samar da garkuwan jiki tare da fitar da ƙwayoyin halitta na bakteria domin jiki ya samu damar kare kansa daga ɗaukar cuta.
  5. Tana sallamar sinadarin bile ta kuma riƙe sinadarin gina jiki tare da taimakawa wajen narkar da abinci.
  6. Samar da lafiyar fatar jiki da ƙara wa idanuwa gani musamman da daddare.
  7. Haɓɓaka garkuwan jiki (Immune).
  8. Tana haɓɓaka ƙwayoyin halitta (Cells).
  9. Samar da jan sinadarin jini.
  10. Samar da lafiyar jijiyoyi.
  11. Tace dattin cikin jini ta mayar da shi fitsari.
  12. Tana taimaka wa ƙwaƙwalwa da damatsu su yi aiki.
  13. Tana taimaka wa ƙashi, gaɓɓai, fata, gashi (Suma) da faratu (Ƙumba) su zauna lafiya.

Manazarta:


American Cancer Society (2016). Liver Cancer Early Detection, Diagnosis and Staging. An ciro daga www.cancer.org a shekarar 2018.

Faruhar C. (2018). The Importance of Health Liver. An ciro daga shafin www.nataurallysvvy.com/care/the-importance-of-a-healthy-liver a shekarar 2018.

Hepatitis B Foundation (2018). What is Liver Cancer? Hepatitis B Foundation, 3805 Old Eastern Road, Oylestorn, PA 18092. An ciro daga www.who.int/hepatitis/news-events/hepatitis. A shekarar 2018.

Rush S. (2017). The Health Bebenfits of Liver. Live Strong Foundation. An ciro daga www.livestrong.com a shekarar 2018.

Seymour T. (2017). Are Organs Meat Hood for You? Healthline Media UK Ltd. An ciro daga shafin: www.medinewstoday.com a shekarar 2018.

Who (2018). Hepatitis. An ciro daga shafin: www.who.int.com a shekarar 2018.


Sauran Shafukanmu:

Rumbun Ilimi   Maidarasu    Balangada    Tashar Yutub