Rumbun IlimiMuhammadu Dikko
Gabatarwa
Sarkin Katsina Muhammadu Dikko shi ne sarki na arba’in da tara a jerin sarakunan Katsina sannan kuma na tara a jerin sarakunan Fulani, kuma na farko a jerin Sulluɓawa.
Sarki Muhammadu Dikko mutum ne jarimi, jarumtakarsa ta fito fili a lokacin yaƙuƙuwan da Katsina ta riƙa gwabzawa da wasu masarutun musamman faɗan Katsina da Maraɗi. Wannan dalili ya saka aka yi masa sarautar Durɓin Katsina, wacce sarauta ce ta sarkin yaƙi.
Sarki Muhammadu Dikko Turawa ne suka naɗa shi bayan tsige sarki Yero da suka yi. Ya kafa tarihin cewa shi ne sarkin da ya fara hawa mota a Katsina, sannan kuma shi ya kawo ƙwallon dawaki (Polo) Najeriya, bayan da ya je Ingila ya koyo. Wannan ta bawa Katsina cikakkiyar damar cinye duk wata gasa da aka yi ta ƙwallon dawaki, har sai da ta kai fadar Katsina ta ware wani ɗaki guda da aka sakawa suna ɗakin kwaf (Cups Room).
Katsina ɗakin Kwaf
Ɗaki ne da ake taskace dukkan kofunan da aka ci da sauran kyaututtuka a wasan ƙwallon dawaki. “Mu wannan gida gida ne na ƙwallon Dawaki, Sarkin Katsina Muhammadu Dikko shi ya shigo da ƙwallon Dawaki najeriya”, in ji Jama’in Hulɗa da Jama’a (P.R.O.) na masarautar Katsina a wata tattaunawa da muka yi da shi a cikin watan Mayu na shekarar 2006.
Haihuwa
An haifi marigayi sarki Muhammadu Dikko a cikin shekarar 1865. Sunan mahaifinsa Muhammadu Giɗaɗo wanda ke riƙe da sarautar Durɓin Katsina a lokacin da aka haife shi. Sunan mahaifiyarsa Tamalamai. Wannan sarauta na daga cikin manyan sarautun Katsina, saboda tana daga cikin masu zaɓen sarkin Katsina. Ta kuma samo asali ne daga asalin garin da fadar masarautar Katsina ta fara zama, wato Durɓi ta Kusheyi.
Tasowarsa
Lokacin da Muhammadu Dikko yake ƙarami ba karatun zamani sai na addini, a saboda haka tun yana ɗan ƙarami aka saka shi a makarantar Allo; wato makarantar koyon karatun Al-ƙur’ani. Ya yi wannan karatu na al-ƙur’ani da sauran littattafai. Mahaifinsa ya rasu lokacin yana saurayi.
Zamowarsa Durɓin Katsina
Tun kafin zamowarsa sarki, Muhammadu Dikko ya riƙe muƙamin Durɓin Katsina, sarautar da aka yi masa a lokacin Sarki Abubakar, sakamakon bajimtar yaƙi da jarumtakar da ya nuna a yaƙin da Katsina ta gwabza da Maraɗi. Tun kafin sannan, Muhammadu Dikko yana riƙe da muƙamin Karshi.
Zaman Dikko a wannan ofishi na Durɓi, ya ɗaukaka darajarsa har zuwa Sakkwato, saboda juriyar da ya riƙa nunawa a yaƙuƙuwan da Katsina ta yi lokacin da yake riƙe da wannan muƙamin.
Shahararsa ta bayyana ƙururu, a lokacin da Sakkwato ta umarce shi da ya shiga tsakanin faɗan da sarakuna Kano suka yi tsakanin sarki Tukur da sarki Alu Mai Sango.
Zamowarsa Sarki
A shekarar 1903, Turawa suka shigo garin Katsina a zamanin sarkin Katsina Abubakar. Sarkin Katsina Abubakar bai yi faɗa da Turawa ba, sannan kuma bai yi musu biyayya ta kai tsaye ba. Maimakon haka, sai ya wakilta Muhammadu Dikko a matsayin mai shiga tsakanin Turawa da masarauta, dukkan abin da Turawa ke buƙata, sukan nema ta hannun Muhammadu Dikko, shi kuma lokacin Muhammadu Dikko yana riƙe da muƙaminsa na Durɓin Katsina.
Sannun a hankali, dangantaka tsakanin Turawa da Muhammadu Dikko ta kyautata, sannan kuma ta munanan a ta ɓangaren sarki Abubakar. A cikin watan Janairun 1905, Turawa suka tsige sarki Abubakar sakamakon zarginsa da suke yi da jefa musu mushen kare a cikin rijiyar da suke amfani da ita. Bayan tsige shi, sarki Abubakar ya yi gudun hijira zuwa Ilorin wanda a can ya rasu.
Bayan tsige sarki Abubakar, sai Turawa suka naɗa Yero wanda yake ɗa ne ga sarki Musa. Shi ma dai, kamar wanda ya gabace shi, bai yiwa Turawa wata cikakkiyar biyayya ba, sakamakon haka ma, sai ya juya musu baya, idan suka ce Kudu shi kuma sai ya nufi Yamma da gudu. Saboda haka wannan ta saka shi ma suka tsige shi a ranar 9 ga watan Nuwambar shekarar 1906. Shi kuma sarki Yero ya yi tasa gudun hijirar ne zuwa garin Kwantagora da ke Jahar Neja a yanzu.
Nan take ba tare da wani jinkiri ba, sai Turawa suka hannata wannan sarauta a matsayin riƙo ga sarki Muhammadu Dikko, duk da cewa a wannan lokacin shi Muhammadu Dikko baya gari, saboda tafiya sayen raƙuma da dawakai da ya yi zuwa Agadas wanda Turawan ne suka tura shi ya je ya sayo musu.
An ce, da Muhammadu Dikko ya iso ƙofar Sauri, sai wani mutum ya faɗi ya yi masa gaisuwa irin ta sarakai. Shi kuma da ganin haka sai ya magantu ya ce “Kai lafiyarka Kuwa?”, an ce wannan mutum shi ne farkon wanda ya fara labartawa Muhammadu Dikko cewa ai Turawa sun tsige Yero, sannan kuma sun naɗa shi a matsayin sarki. Daga nan sai Muhammadu Dikko ya wuce gidansa na ƙofar Sauri kai tsaye. Da isarsa gida, sai magoya bayansa suka riƙa murna, zance ya tabbata yanzu cewa Muhammadu Dikko ya zama sarkin Katsina amma na riƙon ƙwarya.
Jin daɗin irin biyayyar da yake Musu, a ranar 25 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1907, sai Turawa suka tabbatar da shi a matsayin cikakken sarkin Katsina. Wanda wannan ta saka shi zamowa farkon Basulluɓe da ya ɗare wannan kujera ta sarkin Katsina.
Gudunmawar da ya Bada
Sarki Muhammadu Dikko ya bada gagarumar gudunmawa wajen kawo ci gaba a wannan gari da kuma masarauta ta Katsina. Shi ne sarkin da ya saka dukkan wani hakimi ya fice daga cikin garin Katsina ya koma ƙasarsa da zama dan ya zauna tare da jama’arsa.
Sarki Muhammadu Dikko shi ne ya samar da shahararriyar makarantar nan mai daɗaɗɗen tarihi da ta ‘Katsina College’, wacce aka gina ta a shekarar 1922. Wannan makaranta ita ce makarantar sikandire ta farko a duk faɗin Arewacin Najeriya.
A shekarar 1929, sarki Muhammadu Dikko ya mayar da hukumar nan ta NA ta zama reshe na masarauta tare da naɗa ɗansa Usman Nagogo a matsayin wakilin doka, wanda daga baya ya yi masa muƙamin Magajin Gari a shekarar 1937.
A shekarar 1935, sarki Muhammadu Dikko ya sake canza fasalin ginin masallacin Dallazawa wanda aka fi sani da masallacin Dutse.
Sarki Muhammadu Dikko shi ne farkon wanda ya fara zuwa aikin Hajji a jerin sarakunan Katsina, wanda haka ta faru ne a shekarar 1921, kuma ta mota ya tafi. Sannan kuma shi ne sarki na farko da ya fara zuwa Ingila a shekarar 1924 sannan kuma ya sake komawa a shekarar 1937.
Sarki Muhammadu Dikko shi ne sarkin da ya samar da katafaren filin wasan tseren dawaki da kuma wasan ƙwallon dawaki da ke Katsina.
Rasuwarsa
Sarki Muhammadu Dikko ya rasu a cikin shekarar 1944 sakamakon rashin lafiya. Ya yi sarauta ta tsawon shekaru 38, daga shekarar 1906 zuwa 1944.
Manazarta:
Ingawa T.L. (2006). Katsina a History of an Ancient City. Hamdala Prinitng and Publishing.
Lugga S.A. (2004). Katsina College. Lugga Press, Katsina
Nigerian Wiki (2011). Muhammadu Dikko. An ciro a shekarar 2016, daga shafin: http://nigerianwiki.com/wiki/Muhammadu_Dikko
Mamman M. (2015). Tarihin Unguwannin Birnin Kastina. Ahmadu Bello Univeristy Press Ltd, Samaru, Zaria-Nigeria.
Wikipedia (2016). Muhammadu Dikko. An ciro a shekarar 2016, daga shafin: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammadu_Dikko